.Do you know that 30% of couples are diagnosed with unexplained infertility? Yes, that’s what the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) found. Common fertility issues can be handled, and have various solutions to it but every year, the label of “unexplained” leaves millions of couples feeling lost in a fog of confusion and frustration.
In this blog, Apex Hospital- home to the best IVF doctors in India and general surgeons in Sirsa – breaks down what unexplained infertility means, and what causes it. We have also underlined treatment options that might help you get back on track.
But first, let’s read about unexplained infertility in detail!
What’s Unexplained Infertility?
When the infertility evaluation of a couple is complete, and no reason for infertility is found, the default diagnosis of unexplained infertility is made. Some doctors also say:
“If a woman’s fallopian tubes and ovulation are normal and the man has healthy sperm, the case of unexplained Infertility holds”.
Unexplained Infertility is the condition in which a couple has undergone fertility testing and no reason is discovered for the couple’s inability to conceive. The incompleteness of such a clear diagnosis could result in feelings of disappointment and anxiety.
Such uncertainty about the known cause may bring about stress and anxiety that would further impair the fertility treatment process. That’s why understanding the proper meaning and nuances involved can empower couples to seek the right interventions.
What are the Causes of Unexplained Infertility?
Although the exact causes of unexplained infertility are yet to be discovered, they can be ascertained through a thorough evaluation. Some of the possible causes of unexplained infertility are:
1. Subtle Ovulation Disorders
Ovulation disorders are one of the most common problems on occasions of unexplained infertility. In such cases, ovulation looks normal on the surface but irregularly released eggs, poor egg quality, or even minor hormonal imbalances could be present.
2. Sperm Quality Issues
In cases of unexplained infertility, sperm tests often show that the sperm count and motility are normal. However, minute abnormalities may still be present. Even though the sperm appears normal, they may have high levels of DNA damage which causes fertilization or embryo development issues. Sperm may also be adversely affected by free radicals that are released in the reproductive system and this may in turn affect fertility.
3. Immune Factors
The immune system can also pose challenges in conception and faulty actions like attacks on sperm or even embryos are at the center of it. In some instances, the woman may create antibodies that destroy and attack the sperm. These antibodies can also be present in men, making it difficult for sperm to function properly. Anti-sperm antibodies and inflammation are often detected if this line of diagnosis is followed.
4. Tubal Factors and Endometriosis
Women’s fallopian tubes are examined for functionality and must show open on a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) to rule out blockage. However, there can still be minor issues that may not be detected. Small adhesions, scarring, or endometrial deposits (from conditions like endometriosis) may not block the tubes entirely but could still interfere with the journey of the egg and sperm.
5. Egg and Sperm Interaction
In some cases, the sperm and egg may be in good condition, but the problem is with their interaction. The fertilization process is very complex, and it is mainly a result of the chemical reactions that happen between the egg and the sperm. If there is any problem at this molecular level, the sperm will be unable to penetrate the egg, or the egg will not respond properly to fertilization attempts.
6. Lifestyle Factors
There is no doubt that lifestyle factors can have a strong influence on fertility, and often, they are not noticed in situations of unexplained infertility. Causes such as high levels of stress can bring about changes in reproductive hormones, which in turn, can cause irregular ovulation or changes in the quality of sperm. Diet and nutrition, smoking, alcohol, and being overweight are some of the factors causing unexplained infertility.
7. Age-Related Factors
Because women’s fertility declines with age, it can be said that the age of the female partner must be taken into consideration. After 35 years of age, the probability of unexplained infertility increases because of some conditions that are not very likely to appear in a routine examination. Likewise, as men get older, they undergo a gradual deterioration of sperm quality, with minor alterations in sperm DNA integrity becoming more frequent.
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Why IVF For Unexplained Infertility?
IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) is generally used for unexplained infertility because it can deal with multiple barriers to conception that may be causing infertility. It bypasses some obstacles like egg-sperm interaction and ovulation that may make natural fertilization complex.
Through egg collection, fertilization with sperm in a controlled lab, and embryo transfer, IVF increases the probability of conception. It’s a medical intervention that reveals the possibility of success when the other treatments are not the answer.
In case you don’t wish to explore the world of IVF as of now, here are the other treatment options for unexplained infertility:
Lifestyle Changes: Working on diet, fitness, and stress reduction can be effective in increasing fertility. Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol intake are also the methods that should be followed.
Fertility Medications: Clomiphene citrate or other drugs can be used to stimulate regular ovulation in women who have not been ovulating regularly. Please consult your doctor before taking any medication.
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): This procedure involves depositing sperm into the uterus when ovulation occurs, thereby increasing the chance of fertilization.
Surgery: Sometimes, surgical treatments might be required to fix some anatomical problems in the reproductive system such as endometriosis or blocked fallopian tubes.
Counseling and Support: Psychological support can help couples cope with the emotional challenges of infertility.
Alternative Therapies: Some couples explore acupuncture or other alternative treatments to improve fertility. However, more research is needed to confirm their efficacy.
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At APEX Hospital, we provide compassionate support for couples facing unexplained infertility. Our dedicated team understands the emotional challenges and works diligently to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to your needs.
With over 20 years of experience, our renowned infertility specialists employ advanced diagnostic tools and innovative treatments to help couples achieve their dream of having a healthy baby. We are committed to delivering high success rates at an affordable price, ensuring every couple has the opportunity to realize their family aspirations.
Contact us today at +91 91680 39000 or +91 82229-66666 to speak with one of our fertility experts.
Unexplained Infertility: Final Words
Unexplained infertility is often a very complex and frustrating diagnosis that leaves couples lost and uncertain. However, it can also be seen as a signal to go ahead and seek support; understand the treatment options available to them; and never lose hope along the journey to parenthood.
While it is not an easy road, most people have walked this road and succeeded on the other side. Apex Hospital is here to support you. Visit our healthcare facility in Sirsa or Hanumangarh for expert advice on infertility or IVF treatments.
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