Copyright © 2025. All rights reserved.
The ideal age for a woman to have children is between twenty-five and thirty years of age. But today, many couples decide to plan parenthood later in life, owing to changes in lifestyle. After the age of thirty-five, a woman’s fertility drops noticeably and after forty-five, the possibility of pregnancy exists only in rare cases.
If you are a woman and less than 30 years of age, and have no previously diagnosed clinical condition, You can ‘wait and watch’ for 6- 12 months and then go for medical help. Note: � For a woman and above 35 years of age, its advisable to take medical help at the earliest. � If you as a couple suspect an infertility issue, you should consult any infertility experts at the nearest infertility centre.
Male fertility has dropped due to lower sperm counts and lessened sperm motility (mobility). There are also more cases of older women seeking to become mothers. Lifestyle and environmental pollution is playing an important role in the observed higher incidences of infertility. Mobile kept in pants/ jeans pocket causes radiation / heat damage to the sperms. This should be avoided as much as possible.
IVF was originally developed for women with blocked tubes or missing fallopian tubes and it is still the procedure of choice for these situations. It is also used when other conditions are present, including endometriosis, male factor infertility and unexplained infertility in which no medical cause for infertility can be found.
The only procedure that could be considered a minor surgery in the IVF process is the retrieval of the eggs from the ovary. During this procedure, a needle attached to a vaginal ultrasound probe is passed through the wall of the vagina and into each ovary. Under anesthesia this procedure is almost painless. Most patients go home 1 to 2 hours postretrival and can resume normal activity from very next day.
After embryo transfer the patient can get up immediately or after 3 – 5 minutes. Patient goes back home within half an hour. Routine work can be resumed three days after embryo transfer.
IVF babies are as normal as any other babies.
It is important to recognize that the rate of birth defects in humans in the general population is about 3% of all births for major malformations and 6% if minor defects are included. Fortunately, 20-plus years following Louise Brown’s birth (the first IVF baby), we now have ample data that children conceived through IVF have no increase in these rates of birth defects due to the technique itself. Minor rise in abnormalities is ascribed to the infertility and age factor of the intending parents. Further follow-up on older children indicates that IVF children have done as well or better than their peers in academic achievement (probably a social bias) and have no higher rates of behavioral or psychological difficulties.
Women who are suffering from premature menopause or are unable to produce healthy eggs, but have a healthy uterus are candidates for egg donation with IVF. This procedure is the same as for IVF except we will select a healthy anonymous donor and use the donor’s egg to create the embryo. We welcome personal donors.
A woman who accepts to bear (or be pregnant with) the child of another woman who is incapable of becoming pregnant using her own uterus is called a gestational carrier. Women who need gestational carriers with IVF include those who do not have a uterus, have an abnormal uterine cavity, have had several recurrent miscarriages or have had recurrent, failed IVF cycles. “Surrogate” is an older term for what we now refer to as a “gestational carrier”.
This is not technically practical and makes no sense since the organ is not needed.
A medication called ursodiol (Actigal) may slowly dissolve some gallstones in a small number of people. Treatments such as trying to melt the stones with solvents, fracture them with lithotripsy (like kidney stones) have been tired but have proven impractical, mostly ineffective; especially when compared to laparoscopic removal of the organ.
On average most people feel recovered in about 4 or 5 days. As with all laparoscopic surgery, resumption of activities can be done when the patient feels able to do so. So, if you are comfortable with driving in a couple of days and can do so safely without narcotic pain medicine then you may proceed. The same goes for any activity.
Removal of the gall bladder does not limit your diet or eliminate any particular foods from your diet. Some patients may experience minor changes in digestion and/or bowel function which is usually not long lasting.
The prostate is a walnut sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system by supplying fluid to semen. It surrounds the urethra, the channel through which urine passes out of the body. As a man ages, it is common for the prostate to enlarge. This enlargement could potentially cause a blockage, or kinking, of the urethra, making it difficult for a man to urinate. Symptoms include straining to urinate,a weak urine stream, waking up frequently at night to empty the bladder, or going frequently and urgently. Treatments include medications such as alpha blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, which shrink the prostate, as well as surgical procedures, such as microwave therapy or laser ablation of the prostate, and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
PSA stands for Prostate Specific Antigen. It is a substance made by the prostate and acts to liquify semen. It is a useful blood test to screen for prostate cancer but is also elevated in benign conditions such as urinary tract infections and prostate enlargement. ELEVATED PSA RANGES – PROSTATE CANCER TEST • Normal PSA Levels: 0-4 ng/ml • Slightly Elevated PSA: 4-10 ng/ml • Moderately Elevated PSA: 10-20 ng/ml • Highly Elevated PSA: 20+ ng/ml
Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is not normal and should be evaluated by your doctor. It may signal an underlying problem with the urinary tract such as kidney stones, an infection, kidney disease, or cancer of the genitourinary tract. It presents in two forms. The first is gross hematuria, or blood that you can see in the urine. The second is microscopic hematuria which may be found in the urine specimen you provided to your Urologist, or Primary care doctor, or the lab. Your Urologist will help guide you in determining which work up and treatments need to be performed.
The basic cause of kidney stone occurrence is unknown, but wrong food habits and inadequate fluid intake are to be blamed. Other conditions such as urinary tract infection, gout, arthritis, hypercalciuria (increased calcium levels in urine), enlarged prostate, thyroid disorder, etc are also known to cause urinary stones.
Symptoms constitute problems with the normal urinary process including discomfort, pain and irritability. When the stone obstructs the urine flow, the ureter dilates and stretches causing muscle spasms giving rise to immense gripping pain (renal colic); felt in flank, lower abdomen, groin or leg of affected side. Some stones are called ‘silent’ as they cause no pain. Other symptoms include blood in urine (hematuria), increased frequency of urination, fever/chills, nausea/vomiting, pain/burning during urination etc.
Yes but not all stones. Small stones of upto 6mm can be passed out with the increased intake of water (3-5 liter/day).
This is not technically practical and makes no sense since the organ is not needed.
A medication called ursodiol (Actigal) may slowly dissolve some gallstones in a small number of people. Treatments such as trying to melt the stones with solvents, fracture them with lithotripsy (like kidney stones) have been tired but have proven impractical, mostly ineffective; especially when compared to laparoscopic removal of the organ.
On average most people feel recovered in about 4 or 5 days. As with all laparoscopic surgery, resumption of activities can be done when the patient feels able to do so. So, if you are comfortable with driving in a couple of days and can do so safely without narcotic pain medicine then you may proceed. The same goes for any activity.
Removal of the gall bladder does not limit your diet or eliminate any particular foods from your diet. Some patients may experience minor changes in digestion and/or bowel function which is usually not long lasting.
The prostate is a walnut sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system by supplying fluid to semen. It surrounds the urethra, the channel through which urine passes out of the body. As a man ages, it is common for the prostate to enlarge. This enlargement could potentially cause a blockage, or kinking, of the urethra, making it difficult for a man to urinate. Symptoms include straining to urinate,a weak urine stream, waking up frequently at night to empty the bladder, or going frequently and urgently. Treatments include medications such as alpha blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, which shrink the prostate, as well as surgical procedures, such as microwave therapy or laser ablation of the prostate, and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
PSA stands for Prostate Specific Antigen. It is a substance made by the prostate and acts to liquify semen. It is a useful blood test to screen for prostate cancer but is also elevated in benign conditions such as urinary tract infections and prostate enlargement. ELEVATED PSA RANGES – PROSTATE CANCER TEST • Normal PSA Levels: 0-4 ng/ml • Slightly Elevated PSA: 4-10 ng/ml • Moderately Elevated PSA: 10-20 ng/ml • Highly Elevated PSA: 20+ ng/ml
Blood in the urine, or hematuria, is not normal and should be evaluated by your doctor. It may signal an underlying problem with the urinary tract such as kidney stones, an infection, kidney disease, or cancer of the genitourinary tract. It presents in two forms. The first is gross hematuria, or blood that you can see in the urine. The second is microscopic hematuria which may be found in the urine specimen you provided to your Urologist, or Primary care doctor, or the lab. Your Urologist will help guide you in determining which work up and treatments need to be performed.
The basic cause of kidney stone occurrence is unknown, but wrong food habits and inadequate fluid intake are to be blamed. Other conditions such as urinary tract infection, gout, arthritis, hypercalciuria (increased calcium levels in urine), enlarged prostate, thyroid disorder, etc are also known to cause urinary stones.
Symptoms constitute problems with the normal urinary process including discomfort, pain and irritability. When the stone obstructs the urine flow, the ureter dilates and stretches causing muscle spasms giving rise to immense gripping pain (renal colic); felt in flank, lower abdomen, groin or leg of affected side. Some stones are called ‘silent’ as they cause no pain. Other symptoms include blood in urine (hematuria), increased frequency of urination, fever/chills, nausea/vomiting, pain/burning during urination etc.
Yes but not all stones. Small stones of upto 6mm can be passed out with the increased intake of water (3-5 liter/day).